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: Sometimes school textbooks are uploaded as podcasts or educational playlists. 2. How to Download the Audio

: The Tokugawa Shogunate; the closure of the country to foreigners (except the Dutch) and the banning of Christianity.

: Often provides concise video lessons and summaries for each paragraph. : Sometimes school textbooks are uploaded as podcasts

: Useful for checking comprehension questions at the end of Paragraph 22.

If you cannot find the audio immediately, here are the key points covered in the Baranov/Yudovskaya textbook for this chapter: : Often provides concise video lessons and summaries

: The Ming and Qing dynasties; the policy of "isolationism" from European influence.

If you prefer to read while listening, you can find the full text or PDF versions at: If you prefer to read while listening, you

: There are several bots (like @utubebot or audio search bots) where you can paste a link to an educational video and receive an audio file in return. 3. Quick Summary of Paragraph 22