Acceleration4: 4 19 -

is the proper time. In standard inertial coordinates, proper acceleration is the rate of change of proper velocity with respect to coordinate time.

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: This is the physical acceleration experienced by an observer (e.g., the "g-force" felt by an astronaut). It is the acceleration relative to a free-fall, inertial observer who is momentarily at rest relative to the object. The Four-Vector ( Aμcap A raised to the mu power ) : is the proper time