Commercial refineries typically follow a four-stage standard to ensure maximum recovery and purity.
: Silver is dissolved in nitric acid, then precipitated as silver chloride (by adding salt) or "cement silver" (by adding copper). sterling silver refiners
Sterling silver refining is the chemical and metallurgical process of purifying "92.5% pure" scrap into "99.9% fine" silver bullion. This is essential for recycling jewelry, flatware, and industrial scrap back into investment-grade bars or manufacturing material. This is essential for recycling jewelry, flatware, and
: A precise analysis—often a combination of fire assay and ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) —determines the exact fine silver content to ensure accurate payment. Purification Methods : Top Recognized Refiners How to refine sterling silver
: The pure crystals or powder are melted and cast into granules (shot), coins, or bars ranging from 1 oz to 1,000 oz. Top Recognized Refiners How to refine sterling silver