The dogmatic assumption that every biological trait must have an evolutionary purpose—specifically, one that increases reproductive success. Lloyd contends that researchers often invent "just-so stories" to explain why female orgasm helps reproduction, even when the evidence is flimsy or contradictory.
A male-centered perspective that assumes female sexuality is a mirror of male sexuality. In men, orgasm is inextricably linked to ejaculation and fertilization; because of this, many scientists have incorrectly assumed it must serve a similar reproductive function in women. Key Arguments and Findings The Case of the Female Orgasm: Bias in the Scie...
The central theme of Elisabeth Lloyd’s influential book, is that scientific research into female sexuality has been deeply compromised by two main types of prejudice: adaptationism and androcentrism . Core Biases Identified The dogmatic assumption that every biological trait must
She highlights that a large percentage of women do not regularly achieve orgasm during vaginal intercourse, a fact that adaptationist theories often fail to account for. If it were a critical reproductive adaptation, one would expect it to be more reliably linked to the act of procreation. Scientific and Social Impact The Case of the Female Orgasm - Harvard University Press In men, orgasm is inextricably linked to ejaculation